Improvement in elastic washers for carriages



` To all whom it may concern.-

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`Beit known that I, GEORGE W. BILLINGS, of Ohi-l cago, in the county ci'. Gook,`and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Elastic Washers for Carriages, 85e.;I and I do hereby declare that the following is a fnlland complete descrip-' panyingr drawings, making` in which- Y Figure 1 .is anoutside view of theV washer. Figure 2, a view ofthe inside. Figure 3, a transverse section.

Figure 4 also a transverse section, with elastic filling.' Y l Figure .5, a detached view f the elastic iilling'.

`ike letters of reference referto like parts in the part lof this specification,

The nature of this invention relates to la metallic elastic washer, the same being applied between a, nut operated' upon a bolt, and a plate of iron or wood, or between any two substances where elasticity is required, in consequence of thecontraction andexpausion or jarring ofthe bolt, whereby the plates, 8m.,- are This washer 1s constructed of circular plate of steel or :other appropriate metal, A, gd, rolled or hammered to the proper thicknessthat the size and 4 use of the washer mayj require.`

In thecentre vis punched a hole, of va size proper for the admission ofthe bolt. The plate is then struck u p with dies or punches into a concavo-convex shape,

as shown iu fig. 3, which representsa crossjdsection of thewasher. i I

On the edge of the concave side-is formed acontinnous rim,V B, by turning inwardly the edge of the plate,

y `forming thereby a strong, hoop-like band, of suiiicient depth and strength to resist the pressure-whichA may be exerted upon A the I. crown of the washer on screwing up -the nutthereby preventing the washer from 'spreading and becoming flattened.

- By giving thev -washer this concavo-convex shape and rim, and making, it of steel properly tempered, astrength landelasticity Yof' character are. obtained that will adapt it to the contraction and expansion of the bolt, subject to. changes of temperature, thereby keeping the plates of iron, wood,-or otherrnate'rial,

closely and firmly in contact.

In order to add to the elasticity of the washer, the

concave is fitted with an elastic filling, O, fig. 4, which may be of rubber or felt, of hair or wood. This filling should be made full, and projecting beyond the rim,

so that on the application of. pressure, the concave surface will be thoroughly iilled with the elastic material. y

By this addition to the washer, it becomes more elastic', and well adapted to rail-joints, car-trucks,

wagons, harvesters, or any place where a continuous jarring is liable to loosen an ordinary uut upon va bolt.

' What I claim as myinvention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. A metallic concavo-c'onvex washer, so constructed that the 'edge of the concave side shall have a continuons lib or riin, B, substantially as described, and for the purpose set forth.

2. The combinationof purpose described.

' GEO. W. BILLINGS.

Witnesses: y

J. H. BURRLDGE, E. E. Wann. 1

the concavo-convex washer A, rim B, and'lling O, in -themanner as' and for the 

